The illusions and Marx

A brief essay about the implications of materialism in the formation of the Marxian social theory as non-deterministic

Abstract

Frequent are the accusations, stripped of any further reading, that Marx, in elaborating his social and revolutionary theory, would reduce human history to a necessary end, to the communism; that this history should be the history of all civilizations, as if the will and the individual did not have room to breathe, and yet, as if what moved him were, at best, their mere survival. This paper questions all these reductions, reiterating, that Marx would be deterministic, universalist, deny the individual and that his only and best possible motor was survival, thus dissipating the obvious in times when even the obvious is seen with suspicion. For this, it is based on a correlation of the German author with the materialism present in Espinosa, which reveals very clearly the contradictions between the materialistic method and the reductions applied to the Marxian social theory.