Philosophy and literature as formative practices

Bergson, Hadot, and Lispector’s writing

Abstract

This article explores the contributions of Henri Bergson and Pierre Hadot to the conception of philosophy as a formative practice, emphasizing its connection with literature, particularly the works of Clarice Lispector. To this end, we will investigate the issue of method, starting with the following question: how can Bergsonian intuition and Hadotian spiritual exercises contribute to a philosophical conception that transcends theory and influences lived experience? The philosophical projects of both authors will then be presented: Hadot views philosophy as a spiritual exercise, while Bergson proposes intuition as a complete mode of knowledge. Consequently, a dialogue can be established, highlighting the formative role of philosophical knowledge as advocated by both thinkers. In this sense, while Hadot emphasizes spiritual exercises in everyday life, Bergson reveals a method focused on the intuitive experience of reality. Within this framework, literature – represented by Lispector’s writing – will be discussed as a means of philosophical expression that demands from the reader an intuitive and reflective stance, aligning with the practices proposed by the authors. The distinction between philosophy and literature as formative practices will be examined, exploring the ways each contributes to this discussion. Finally, we will reflect on the integration of these practices into our lives, considering reading as an experience capable of shaping thought and fostering a full and integrated way of living.